Ul design w419 - Our comprehensive services include certification of personnel, products, facilities, processes and systems to applicable standards and requirements. We can help you identify and close regulatory gaps, confirm compliance, and maintain your certifications. We can assist in sustaining best practices across your organization and value network.

 
Design Studio Design Studio. Wall Assemblies; Floor-Ceiling Assemblies; Roof-Ceiling Assemblies; Design Details; Shaft Wall Limiting Heights & Spans; Competitor Comparison Tool; USG Sustainability Tool; USG Ceiling Technix™ Virtual Acoustics Experience™ (VAE) USG Assembly Builder™ All Design Studio. 5 000 divided by 3

This design was submitted for consideration. At first glance I presumed it was protection from 1 side. But after review it indicates several places the design protects for fire from both sides. This seems contrary to other designs I have seen and my experience. Have others seen this design? Does it in fact protect from fire form both sides ...Design Criteria and Allowable Variances Design No. U419 December 10, 2020 Nonbearing Wall Ratings — 1, 2, 3 or 4 Hr (See Items 4 & 5 through 5J) * Indicates such products shall bear the UL or cUL Certification Mark for jurisdictions employing the UL or cUL Certification (such as Canada), respectively.Aug 7, 2018 · Design No. V473. August 07, 2018. Nonbearing Wall Ratings — 1, 2, 3, or 4 Hr * Indicates such products shall bear the UL or cUL Certification Mark for jurisdictions employing the UL or cUL Certification (such as Canada), respectively. Channel Track — "J" -shaped channel, min. 2-1/2 in. deep (min 4 in. deep when System F or G is used), with ... If you want to grow your business, understand the relevant trends. Keep up with these marketing, design, and tech trends in 2021. If you want to grow your business in 2021, you nee...The BXUV Guide Information provides valuable information and guidance on considerations associated with the (BXUV) fire-resistance rated designs, some of which provide acceptable variations to the details included in individual designs. “Luminaires (light fixtures) may be installed individually or end to end (in rows).UL Design U411, a generic steel stud, gypsum panel assembly, is an example of what is in the directory. At the beginning of that listing, as well as all others, is a note that states, “See general information for Fire-resistance Ratings.” The information contained there is very important, and it’s worth the effort to study.Find out how to choose the color and style for the siding and trim on your home using the online Dream Designer software from Exterior Portfolio. Expert Advice On Improving Your Ho...To find these designs, follow this step-by-step process. 1. Click the drop-down “Building Materials, Systems and Installation Codes.”. 2. Next, choose the section “Fire Rated Roofs, Walls, Floors, Beams and Columns.”. 3. Using the iQ Plus Search Tools search, refine the results using the keyword box. 4. Within the “Keyword” dialog ...Fiberglass Insulation. The smart choice to make spaces more comfortable and energy efficient. R-Value. The ability to resist heat flow — insulation's thermal resistance. Thermal Properties. Ability to provide thermal resistance for comfort and efficiency. Insulating for Sound. Sound absorption characteristics, helping reduce noise transmission.Design Criteria and Allowable Variances D e s i g n N o. V 4 4 9 M a rc h 2 , 2 0 2 2 Non-Bear ing Wall Rating - 2 hr. * Indicat es such pr oducts shall bear the UL or …UL Design No. Non-load-bearing Load-bearing 1- to 4-hr. rated partitions 1- to 4-hr. rated shaftwall assemblies 1- to 2-hr. rated chase walls I- to 2-hr. rated partitions, one-sided …“Sustainable design” is a coupling of two slippery concepts—sustainability and design. What does it take for a design to be truly sustainable? For such an oft-used concept associat...6 CGC Fire-Resistant Assemblies Test Certification Test Conditions and Fire and sound tested assemblies listed in this Selector are based on characteristics, properties and performance Certification of materials and systems obtained under controlled test conditions as set forth in the appropriate ULC and ASTM Standards in effect at the time of test. …2B. Steel Studs — (As an alternate to Item 2, For use with Items 5B & 5E) Channel shaped, fabricated from min 20 MSG corrosion-protected or galv steel, 3-1/2 in. min depth, spaced a max of 16 in. OC. Studs friction-fit into floor and ceiling runners. Studs to be cut 5/8 to 3/4 in. less than assembly height. 2C.Design Criteria and Allowable Variances Design No. U419 December 10, 2020 Nonbearing Wall Ratings — 1, 2, 3 or 4 Hr (See Items 4 & 5 through 5J) * Indicates such products shall bear the UL or cUL Certification Mark for jurisdictions employing the UL or cUL Certification (such as Canada), respectively.Fiberglass Insulation. The smart choice to make spaces more comfortable and energy efficient. R-Value. The ability to resist heat flow — insulation's thermal resistance. Thermal Properties. Ability to provide thermal resistance for comfort and efficiency. Insulating for Sound. Sound absorption characteristics, helping reduce noise transmission.UL design W419 – System A is similar to design U499 except that steel clips may be used to attach the furring channels to the studs. Clips are spaced a maximum of 24 in. OC and secured to studs with No. 8 x 1-1/2 in. minimum self-drilling S-12 steel screw through center grommet.Use UL design W419 for 1- through 4-hour shaftwall systems or UL design V497 for 1- and 2-hour assemblies using Type X gypsum board on one side of minimum 3 ⅝" steel …Design Criteria and Allowable Variances Design No. U419 July 12, 2018 Nonbearing Wall Ratings — 1, 2, 3 or 4 Hr (See Items 4 & 5 through 5K) * Indicates such products shall …Cavity shaftwall systems (UL design W419) consist of 1" thick shaftliner panels friction fit between CT, CH, or I-studs and single or multiple layers of Type X …Design No. V421 Non-Loading Bearing Wall Rating - 1 and 2 Hr. Girts - "Z" or "C" shaped girts, 0.056 to 0.120 in. thick steel, 6 to 12 in. deep, with 2 to 4 in. wide flanges. Girts placed horizontally (with flanges up or down) and spaced maximum 48 in. O.C. Girts are secured to columns with girt clips, Item 2, or bolted to the column through ...We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.If you want to grow your business, understand the relevant trends. Keep up with these marketing, design, and tech trends in 2021. If you want to grow your business in 2021, you nee... Fiberglass Insulation. The smart choice to make spaces more comfortable and energy efficient. R-Value. The ability to resist heat flow — insulation's thermal resistance. Thermal Properties. Ability to provide thermal resistance for comfort and efficiency. Insulating for Sound. Sound absorption characteristics, helping reduce noise transmission. Design No. W419 May 27, 2015 Nonbearing Wall Rating — 1, 2, 3, or 4 Hr. * Indicates such products shall bear the UL or cUL Certification Mark for jurisdictions employing the UL or cUL Certification (such as Canada), respectively.Aug 5, 2020 · Design No. U419 August 05, 2020 Nonbearing Wall Ratings — 1, 2, 3 or 4 Hr (See Items 4 & 5 through 5J) * Indicates such products shall bear the UL or cUL Certification Mark for jurisdictions employing the UL or cUL Certification (such as Canada), respectively. 1. DESIGN SPEOFICATIONS: AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design S ... w419 0R. 3'. YII. xlI. WI. I. VIEW W-W. 7+"=1'{'. 450. 2" d ... ul'rLe *$rx, A?8,. *.EThtLs r** *L*s... Fire Rating. 1 hours. System STC. 48. System Thickness. 123.8 mm. CAD/Revit & Acoustics. Revit PDF. Visit UL U419 on the UL website. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.The UL fire-resistance design listings enable higher occupancy for commercial, institutional, and governmental uses and ability increase allowable floor region. The add UL W447 design consists of horizontal girts clad about furring channels and gypsum board up both sides of the room. Of girts are connected to columns …2728A. 2. Outline of Investigation for Pellet Fuel Burning Cooking Appliances. 9691. 1. Recommended Practice for Nameplates for Use in Electrical Installations. UL 499 | UL Standards & Engagement | UL Standard | Edition 14 | Electric Heating Appliances | Published Date: November 07, 2014 | ANSI …UL Design I504. Use: Rated ceilings above corridors, mechanical rooms, or other incidental uses required by Section 509 of the IBC. 1 Hr. Horizontal Ceiling Membrane fire resistance rating. 3 layers of Gold Bond ® Fire-Shield ® Gypsum Board (Type X) fastened to 3-5/8” steel studs at 16” o.c. (20 gauge, 30 mil) Spans 8’-0” max, with ...Certification Information. Product iQ is UL Solutions' online location for certification information. It combines data from many legacy UL solutions, including the Online …Earning a bachelor's degree in graphic design can lead to new career opportunities. Here, we list the best programs available. Updated May 23, 2023 thebestschools.org is an adverti...Design No. V473. August 07, 2018. Nonbearing Wall Ratings — 1, 2, 3, or 4 Hr * Indicates such products shall bear the UL or cUL Certification Mark for jurisdictions employing the UL or cUL Certification (such as Canada), respectively. Channel Track — "J" -shaped channel, min. 2-1/2 in. deep (min 4 in. deep when System F or G is used), with ...ULPRF: Get the latest ULS Group stock price and detailed information including ULPRF news, historical charts and realtime prices. Indices Commodities Currencies StocksThis design was evaluated using a load design method other than the Limit States Design Method (e.g., Working Stress Design Method). For jurisdictions employing the Limit States Design Method, such as Canada, a load restriction factor shall be used — See Guide BXUV or BXUV7 * Indicates such products shall bear the UL or cUL Certification Mark forFiberglass Insulation. The smart choice to make spaces more comfortable and energy efficient. R-Value. The ability to resist heat flow — insulation's thermal resistance. Thermal Properties. Ability to provide thermal resistance for comfort and efficiency. Insulating for Sound. Sound absorption characteristics, helping reduce noise transmission.Design Studio Design Studio. Wall Assemblies; Floor-Ceiling Assemblies; Roof-Ceiling Assemblies; Design Details; Shaft Wall Limiting Heights & Spans; Competitor Comparison Tool; USG Sustainability Tool; USG Ceiling Technix™ Virtual Acoustics Experience™ (VAE) USG Assembly Builder™ All Design StudioW419 | For 1- to 4-hr. rated shaftwall assemblies. V488 | For 1- to 2-hr. rated chase walls, typically used for sound or plumbing chase walls with two rows of studs. …Our comprehensive services include certification of personnel, products, facilities, processes and systems to applicable standards and requirements. We can help you identify and close regulatory gaps, confirm compliance, and maintain your certifications. We can assist in sustaining best practices across your organization and value network.OR, I am working on an existing project that requires a fire rated tenant demising partition and I do not have access to the other side of the wall/tenant space.ETL listing means that Intertek has determined a product meets ETL Mark safety requirements.. UL listing means that Underwriters Laboratories has determined a product meets UL Mark...DESIGN SPEOFICATIONS: AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design S ... w419 0R. 3'. YII. xlI. WI. I. VIEW W-W. 7+"=1'{'. 450. 2" d ... ul'rLe *$rx, A?8,. *.EThtLs r** *L*s...W419 (System A) 2-hour Rated Shaft Assemblies U428 U497 W419 (System B and System D) W441. 2-hour Rated Stair Shaft Assemblies U429 U498 W419 (System …Design Criteria and Allowable Variances D e s i g n N o. V 4 4 9 M a rc h 2 , 2 0 2 2 Non-Bear ing Wall Rating - 2 hr. * Indicat es such pr oducts shall bear the UL or …Design No. W419 May 27, 2015 Nonbearing Wall Rating — 1, 2, 3, or 4 Hr. * Indicates such products shall bear the UL or cUL Certification Mark for jurisdictions employing the UL or cUL Certification (such as Canada), respectively.If you have any questions, please reach out to our customer service team at 1-800-879-8000 for assistance. Regards, Dakota Reid. Fire Protection Engineering Team. engineering judgement, Gypsum Wall, fireproofed column. EJ FAQ US 10.23.pdf724.85 KB. 0 Likes. 0 Comments. Is there a hilti detail for a 2 hour wall (U419) and a steel column similar ...USG Durock® Brand Cement Board with EdgeGuard™ is preferred by many applicators as a base for directly applied finishes, tile, stone and thin brick used in building exteriors. The 12.7 mm and 15.9 mm panels are Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL) Classified for fire resistance, and may be used in any UL Design where Type DCB panels are listed.... assembly in the UL Product IQ™ database or GA Design Manual. Stud sizes and insulation thickness are minimum unless otherwise stated in the published assembly.z-clips @ 24" o.c. max., fasten before application of spray on fireproofing head of wall - 1 hr ul design: hw-d-0642 ul design: hw-d-0571 mineral wool insulation elastomeric spray firestop 5/8" fire-shield gypsum board ct, ch, or i studs 24" o.c. 1" fire-shield shaftliner partition - 1 hr ul design: u499 ul design: w419 ...design load requirements. • 18ga C-T studs are for interior systems only. ... Openings and Penetrations in Shaftwall/Stairwell systems: As tested per ASTM E119/UL 263, these systems do not contain any Openings or Penetrations. • All Opening and Penetration covering assemblies must be approved for use per …Fiberglass Insulation. The smart choice to make spaces more comfortable and energy efficient. R-Value. The ability to resist heat flow — insulation's thermal resistance. Thermal Properties. Ability to provide thermal resistance for comfort and efficiency. Insulating for Sound. Sound absorption characteristics, helping reduce noise transmission.The UL fire-resistance design listings enable higher occupancy for commercial, institutional, and governmental uses and ability increase allowable floor region. The add UL W447 design consists of horizontal girts clad about furring channels and gypsum board up both sides of the room. Of girts are connected to columns …Dimensions: 16.5″H × 4″W (419 mm × 102 mm) ... CM492-series Entrance Panels are modular in design. ... The transformer is Class 2 UL® Listed and will safely take ...Fire Rating. 1 hours. System STC. 39. System Thickness. 4.625 in. CAD/Revit & Acoustics. Revit PDF. Visit UL U415 UL System A on the UL website.The UL Certification Mark on fire resistant products, systems and assemblies is relied on by code enforcement officials and buyers to provide confidence that products and systems meet regulatory and market requirements. It is a key differentiator for products within the exterior wall assembly market. The UL Evaluation Report, an additional ...ETL listing means that Intertek has determined a product meets ETL Mark safety requirements.. UL listing means that Underwriters Laboratories has determined a product meets UL Mark...Modern Design. UL Product iQ marries the longstanding UL certification information relied upon by millions of users with the intuitive design and user-friendliness of a modern search engine. ... It combines data from many legacy UL solutions, including the Online Certification Directory, Product Spec and several iQ databases into one ...Fiberglass Insulation. The smart choice to make spaces more comfortable and energy efficient. R-Value. The ability to resist heat flow — insulation's thermal resistance. Thermal Properties. Ability to provide thermal resistance for comfort and efficiency. Insulating for Sound. Sound absorption characteristics, helping reduce noise transmission. It combines data from many legacy UL solutions, including the Online Certification Directory, Product Spec and several iQ databases into one streamlined experience. A free Product iQ account helps users verify UL certification of products and components, locate UL Solutions guide information and search for alternative certified products. Design Criteria and Allowable Variances. Design No. U301 November 23, 2020 Bear ing Wall Rating — 2 Hr. Finish Rating — 66 Min. This design was evaluated using a load design method other than the Limit States Design Method (e.g., Working Stress Design Method). For jur isdictions employing the Limit States Design Method, …See General Information for Fire-resistance Ratings - ANSI/UL 263 Certified for United States. Design Criteria and Allowable Variances. See General Information for Fire Resistance Ratings - CAN/ULC-S101 Certified for Canada. Design Criteria and Allowable Variances. Design No. D219 Restrained Assembly Ratings — 1, 1-1/2, 2 and 3 HrFire resistance assemblies and products are developed by the design submitter and have been investigated by UL for compliance with applicable requirements. The published …W419 | For 1- to 4-hr. rated shaftwall assemblies. V488 | For 1- to 2-hr. rated chase walls, typically used for sound or plumbing chase walls with two rows of studs. …UL Evaluation Report - National GypsumUL Evaluation Report UL ER R3501-02 Issued: June 12, 2015 ..... Date post: 18-Mar-2020: Category: Documents: Upload: others View: 759 times: Download: 16 times: Download Report this document. Share this document with a friend. Embed Size (px ...W3Schools offers free online tutorials, references and exercises in all the major languages of the web. Covering popular subjects like HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Python, SQL, Java, and many, many more.UL Designs & Thickness — Columns. Submittal Generator UL Design Selector Click here for Floor Assemblies and Roof Assemblies Description UL Link UL PDF Drawing All Z106HY All Z106HY Wide Flange Col... READ MORE. MONOKOTE® MK-6/HY Product Data Sheet. View Sustainability Certifications: MK-6s Product Description …Our in-house lab conducts firestop testing in accordance with ASTM E814 / UL 1479 for through-penetration firestop systems and ASTM E1966 / UL 2079 for construction-joint firestop systems. That means you can trust the F-rating and T-rating for each Hilti firestop system assembly. ... Cable transit design software that helps simplify the ...The MBMA fire tests of exterior walls in 1997 resulted in a new ULDesign, No. V421, which pro-vides 1 and 2-hour fire resistance ratings for exteri-or walls in metal buildings. The …Start exploring Product iQ today! You can obtain information about the validity of a given certification by contacting the UL Solutions Customer Experience Center. Phone number: 877-854-3577- Email: CEC [at] ul [dot] com. 1:52.Fiberglass Insulation. The smart choice to make spaces more comfortable and energy efficient. R-Value. The ability to resist heat flow — insulation's thermal resistance. Thermal Properties. Ability to provide thermal resistance for comfort and efficiency. Insulating for Sound. Sound absorption characteristics, helping reduce noise transmission.We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. UL Fire Resistance Designs that are listed for conformity with Canadian requirements, and thereby bearing the cUL Mark, are identified as such in our Directories in two ways. First, the UL/ULC both use Category Code Numbers (CCNs) to identify product categories. Each category code in itself will provide full information for the Designs for that ... Runners attached to structural supports with steel fasteners located not greater than 2 in. from ends and not greater than 24 in. OC. 2. Steel Studs — "I" shaped studs, min 2-1/2 in. deep by 1-1/2 in. wide, fabricated from min 25 MSG galv steel. Cut to lengths 3/4 in. less than floor-to-ceiling height and spaced 24 in OC.3. Audio/Video, Information and Communication Technology Equipment - Part 1: Safety Requirements. UL 497 | UL Standards & Engagement | UL Standard | Edition 7 | Protectors for Paired-Conductor Communications Circuits | Published Date: April 25, 2001 | ANSI Approved: July 25, 2022.USG Durock® Brand Cement Board with EdgeGuard™ is preferred by many applicators as a base for directly applied finishes, tile, stone and thin brick used in building exteriors. The 12.7 mm and 15.9 mm panels are Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL) Classified for fire resistance, and may be used in any UL Design where Type DCB panels are listed.One of the most prolific set designers on Broadway shares how he broke into the business. By clicking "TRY IT", I agree to receive newsletters and promotions from Money and its par...Refer to the UL Evaluation Report UL ER R3501 for more information and UL design W419. Do you have a summary list of all UL assemblies for construction like a table of …Design No. U419 August 05, 2020 ... * Indicates such products shall bear the UL or cUL Certification Mark for jurisdictions employing the UL or cUL Certification (such as Canada), respectively. 1. Floor and Ceiling Runners — (Not Shown) — For use with Item 2 — Channel shaped, fabricated from min 25 MSGUL Fire Resistance Designs that are listed for conformity with Canadian requirements, and thereby bearing the cUL Mark, are identified as such in our Directories in two ways. First, the UL/ULC both use Category Code Numbers (CCNs) to identify product categories. Each category code in itself will provide full information for the Designs for that ...UL V465. Interior Partition - Steel Stud (Load-Bearing) Fire Rating. 2 hours. System STC. 51-55. System Thickness. 6.25 in.This guide contains simple and practical CSS list styles you can copy and paste, including 20+ CSS list styles templates and examples.In today’s competitive marketplace, building consumer confidence is crucial for the success of any business. One effective way to achieve this is by ensuring that your products mee...Find UL Design U469 - 1 Hour Wall Assembly with a complete list of qualifying products on BuildSite. Download product data and MSDS here. Submittal data - UL Design U469 - 1 Hour Wall Assembly - Please note that Data Sheets may contain multiple products and sizes, not all of which may have been approved for the UL …BXUV - Cordeck is a PDF document that provides detailed information on the fire resistance ratings of Cordeck's metal deck products. It includes diagrams, tables, and descriptions of various assemblies and applications. If you are looking for a reliable and certified metal deck supplier for your roofing or flooring project, download this PDF and learn more about …Apr 9, 2015 · This design was submitted for consideration. At first glance I presumed it was protection from 1 side. But after review it indicates several places the design protects for fire from both sides. This seems contrary to other designs I have seen and my experience. Have others seen this design? Does it in fact protect from fire form both sides ... Design Studio. Find the right fire-rated assemblies and design details drawings for your architectural plans. Estimate materials and find USG equivalents for your building projects. More. Find Your Architectural Rep. Architectural Design Resources. Competitor Comparison Tool.

UL Design I504. Use: Rated ceilings above corridors, mechanical rooms, or other incidental uses required by Section 509 of the IBC. 1 Hr. Horizontal Ceiling Membrane fire resistance rating. 3 layers of Gold Bond ® Fire-Shield ® Gypsum Board (Type X) fastened to 3-5/8” steel studs at 16” o.c. (20 gauge, 30 mil) Spans 8’-0” max, with .... Firestone car service coupons

ul design w419

Column. Three layers of 5/8” (15.9 mm) ToughRock® Fireguard C® gypsum board or 5/8” (15.9 mm) DensArmor Plus® Fireguard C® gypsum panel, screw-attached to 1-5/8” (41 mm) steel studs located at each corner of W10 x 49 (metric W250 x 73) column. Base Layer: Attached with 1” (25 mm) Type S drywall screws 24” (610 …See General Information for Fire-resistance Ratings - ANSI/UL 263 Certified for United S tates. Design Criteria and Allowable Variances. See General Information for Fire Resistance Ratings - CAN/ULC-S101 Certified for Canada. Design Criteria and Allowable Variances D e s i g n N o. V 4 8 8 M a rc h 2 , 2 0 …You can rely on UL Solutions’ safety science leadership to help solve your safety, quality assurance and compliance challenges. Our comprehensive inspection, validation and certification services for the building and construction products industry help you bring products and systems to market quickly and cost-effectively. Learn more.For the most up-to-date details, including construction variations, refer to the published assembly in the UL Product IQ™ database or GA Design Manual. Stud sizes and …From design platforms with thousands of assets to instant logo generators, here are the best sites for logo design for your small business. Marketing | Buyer's Guide REVIEWED BY: E...Design No. U419 August 05, 2020 ... * Indicates such products shall bear the UL or cUL Certification Mark for jurisdictions employing the UL or cUL Certification (such as … Fire Rating. 2 hours. System STC. 49. System Thickness. 5 in. CAD/Revit & Acoustics. Revit PDF. Visit UL U419 on the UL website. 6. Suggested Hilti products (ex. FS-One Max Firestop Sealant, CFS-BL Firestop Blocks) Also, please attach any pictures or sketches of your condition for clarity when submitting your request form to [email protected]. firestopping, joint, gypsum. W1_en_engineering_judgement_request_form_82019.pdf1.87 MB.Runners attached to structural supports with steel fasteners located not greater than 2 in. from ends and not greater than 24 in. OC. 2. Steel Studs — "I" shaped studs, min 2-1/2 in. deep by 1-1/2 in. wide, fabricated from min 25 MSG galv steel. Cut to lengths 3/4 in. less than floor-to-ceiling height and spaced 24 in OC.Dec 30, 2565 BE ... Designing a Vaccine Construct. The vaccine construct design ... Amin-ul. Microbial Pathogenesis (2021), 155 ... 2015, 43 (W1), W419– W424, DOI: ...1.1.1. Provide firestopping and smoke seal systems as detailed on drawings and as specified herein. 1.1.2. This Section specifies material requirements for firestopping and smoke seal systems that are common to mechanical work Sections and it is a supplement to each Section and is to be read accordingly. 1.2.UL Designs & Thickness — Columns. Submittal Generator UL Design Selector Click here for Floor Assemblies and Roof Assemblies Description UL Link UL PDF Drawing All Z106HY All Z106HY Wide Flange Col... READ MORE. MONOKOTE® MK-6/HY Product Data Sheet. View Sustainability Certifications: MK-6s Product Description … We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Try Figma for free. Create beautiful user interfaces with our UI design tool. Collaborate on creations, build prototypes & create seamless workflows all-in-one. Get started today..

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